Underground mining what is it

Underground mining operations are accustomed to adapting or taking special care of equipment used in the mine to account for conditions.

Underground mining operations are approved at a maximum extraction rate of 4. Negative aspects associated with the transformation of the area connect with the formation of defects in the infrastructure and facilities management area. Underground mining means all methods of mining other than surface mining. Q3 Production Report. Working at Anglo American. Our Stories. How to become a supplier.

The sound of copper. Mining explained Digging deeper: Mining methods explained. Once all this is complete, we are ready to go. But what are the mining methods we use to reach our diverse range of products? Open-pit mining Open-pit is one of the most common mining methods used and starts from the earth's surface, maintaining exposure to the surface throughout the extraction period.

Advantages of open-pit mining include: Powerful trucks and shovels can be used to move large volumes of rock. Equipment not restricted by the size of the opening you are working in. Faster production. Lower cost to mine means lower grades of ore are economic to mine. The simple graphic below displays the sequence of events for the open-pit mining cycle. Learn more about open-pit mining 2. Underground mining Underground mining is used to extract ore from below the surface of the earth safely, economically and with as little waste as possible.

Underground mining is practical when: The ore body is too deep to mine profitably by open pit. The grades or quality of the orebody are high enough to cover costs.

Underground mining has a lower ground footprint than open pit mining. What is underground mining? Large scale mechanised mining methods we use include: long-wall mining, where a long wall of coal is mined in a single slice, usually by a large machine. Our products. Reduced coal loss and dilution Maximising coal recovery in challenging geologies represents a significant efficiency opportunity for most coal mining operations to increase the value of their resource.

Safe and efficient bulk explosives supply Leaching productivity Flyrock control Maintain broken stocks Safe and efficient supply of cyanide Reduce total cost of operation with a safer, more secure and efficient cyanide delivery system.

Vibration and airblast control Poorly designed or executed cast blasts and presplits have a high potential to generate vibration, overpressure and flyrock. Reduce drill and blast cost Our range of products deliver reliable, optimal blast outcomes, contributing to the lowest overall cost of production.

Vibration and airblast control We have developed several industry leading prediction tools for environmental control and blast impact measurements. Wall control Our range of solutions enables steeper walls and faster vertical advance in cutbacks. Safe and efficient supply of cyanide Orica technical specialists support the safe and effective use of cyanide at your site to help you maximise recovery and reduce total costs.

Reduce overbreak and damage Optimising cost and scheduling through greater blast control. Drilling, charging and blasting productivity Improving downstream operational value with Orica's experts in Underground operations. Improve advance and cycle times Improve your mine economics with the maximum possible advance per round. Improve fragmentation, flow and ore recovery Greater ore recovery with improved fragmentation flow.

Vibration control Minimising risk of exceeding allowable vibration limits. Reduce overbreak and damage Saving cost and time through efficient drill control and blasting. Improve advance and cycle times Delivering higher charging rates and capacity and enabling faster loading cycles.

Drill and blast productivity Safely execute drill and blast operations in cooperation with ongoing piling, excavation, concrete pouring and ground support activities.

Excavation productivity Delivering high production rates when excavating enables a construction project to operate efficiently. Faster project completion Our multi-deck blast techniques speed up project completion by delivering more rock within a single blast. Flyrock control Controlling flyrock, vibration, overpressure, dust and noise are all of critical importance for sustainable blasting.

Reliable and predictable blasting Delivering predictable and precision blasting outcomes through our proven product performance and experienced technical and operations teams. Stakeholder management Experienced management of diverse stakeholders will maintain project cost and ensure completion schedule is met. Charleston Gazette Online. United Mine Workers of America. Books Agricola, Georgius.

Other Charleston Gazette Online. Adit —A horizontal passage constructed into a hillside to gain access to underground mineral deposits. Overburden —Material that must be removed in order to gain access to an ore or coal bed. Panning —The process of separating metallic nuggets and flakes from sand and gravel by shaking them in a pan filled with water. Placer —An accumulation of metallic flakes or nuggets, typically gold, in sand and gravel deposited by running water.

Raise —Vertical passages extending upward from a level in a subsurface mine. Room-and-pillar —A technique for mining certain kinds of minerals, especially coal, in which vertical shafts of the mineral are left in place to support the roof of the mine. Shaft —A vertical tunnel constructed downward from the surface to gain access to underground mineral deposits.

Sluice box —A device used to separate metals and metallic ores from sand and gravel.